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Ratio decidendi
Guiding Principles of Judicial Decisions. Vol. 2: 'Foreign' Law
Editors: Dauchy, Serge | Bryson, W. Hamilton | Mirow, Matthew C.
Comparative Studies in Continental and Anglo-American Legal History, Vol. 25/2
(2010)
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Abstract
Ratio decidendi is a technical legal term of art in Anglo-American jurisprudence, a concept opposed to the idea of obiter dictum. Ratio decidendi is the reason of the judge in coming to a judicial decision in a lawsuit presented to the court by the litigants for an official decision. Obiter dictum is whatever else a judge might say in passing. This concept of ratio decidendi operated very differently in the different nations of Western Europe and their former colonies at different periods of early-modern history as is demonstrated in the first volume (25/1) which was published in 2006.The second volume focuses on a specific aspect of ratio decidendi: the use by the courts of foreign law as the basis of their decisions when appropriate to the issues to be decided in a particular case brought to them by the litigants. The term foreign law refers to law that is not part of the law binding upon the court, in other words law outside the court’s system of jurisprudence. Thus, one must consider what is domestic law in order to discern what is foreign to, or outside of, it. These comparative essays thus center on what law is foreign in various continental and Anglo-American legal systems from the Middle Ages until the 20th century and how it supports legal arguments and decisions.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table of Contents | 5 | ||
| W. Hamilton Bryson: Introductionr | 7 | ||
| Knut Wolfgang Nörr: Iura novit curia: aber auch fremdes Recht? Eine rechtsgeschichtliche Skizze | 9 | ||
| I. Zur Einführung | 9 | ||
| II. Positio iuris, positio facti | 10 | ||
| III. Statuta: die Distinktion des Bartolus | 11 | ||
| IV. Richterliche Suppletion | 12 | ||
| V. Ein Erlass Bonifaz’ VIII. | 13 | ||
| VI. Stillstand des Themas am Reichskammergericht | 14 | ||
| VII. Neues und Altes aus der Historischen Rechtsschule | 15 | ||
| Albrecht Cordes: Acceptance and Rejection of ‘Foreign’ Legal Doctrine by the Council of Lubeck Around 1500 | 17 | ||
| I. | 17 | ||
| II. | 23 | ||
| III. | 33 | ||
| Alain Wijffels: Orbis exiguus. Foreign Legal Authorities in Paulus Christinaeus’s Law Reports | 37 | ||
| I. The paradoxes of foreign law from a ius commune perspective | 38 | ||
| II. Christinaeus’s Decisiones | 42 | ||
| III. The ambit of ius commune in Christinaeus’s perspective | 45 | ||
| IV. Customary law | 47 | ||
| V. Statute law | 50 | ||
| VI. Case law | 53 | ||
| VII. Foreign law in ius commune literature before the relative nationalisation of legal scholarship | 60 | ||
| Serge Dauchy / Véronique Demars-Sion: Foreign Law as ratio decidendi. The ‘French’ Parlement of Flanders in the Late 17th and Early 18th Centuries | 63 | ||
| I. Assert local identity by refusing to apply ‘foreign’ French Law | 68 | ||
| II. Integration of the jurisdiction’s foreign law: local particularity vs. royal efforts of assimilation and standardization | 74 | ||
| A. Mark Godfrey: Ratio Decidendi and Foreign Law in the History of Scots Law | 81 | ||
| Introduction | 81 | ||
| I. Private International Law | 86 | ||
| II. Roman Law | 92 | ||
| III. English Law | 100 | ||
| Conclusion | 104 | ||
| Juan Javier Del Granado / Alejandro Mayagoitia: Roman Law and ratio decidendi in Spanish Colonial Law 16th through the 19th Centuries | 107 | ||
| I. The law of Castile (as well as Roman law) were local law in the Americas | 108 | ||
| II. The law the Indies comprises a highly sophisticated body of caselaw | 110 | ||
| James Oldham: Foreign Law in the English Common Law of the Late Eighteenth Century | 113 | ||
| Conclusion | 126 | ||
| W. Hamilton Bryson: The Use of Roman Law in Virginia Courts | 127 | ||
| Jean-Louis Halpérin: Foreign Law in French Courts from 1804 to 1945, with the Example of the Law of Trusts | 139 | ||
| I. | 140 | ||
| II. | 147 | ||
| Georges Martyn: In Search of Foreign Influences, other than French, in Nineteenth-Century Belgian Court Decisions | 155 | ||
| Introduction | 155 | ||
| I. Research on published court decisions | 157 | ||
| II. References to foreign law, other than French, are non-existent | 161 | ||
| III. Not only case law, but also general ‘legal culture’ | 163 | ||
| IV. Change after the Second World War | 166 | ||
| Conclusion | 167 | ||
| Heikki Pihlajamäki: “Stick to the Swedish law”: The Use of Foreign Law in Early Modern Sweden and Nineteenth-Century Finland | 169 | ||
| Introduction: A longue durée History of Foreign Law in Sweden-Finland | 169 | ||
| I. Attitudes towards Foreign Law in Swedish Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Jurisprudence | 170 | ||
| II. Foreign Law in the Modernizing Finnish Law of the Nineteenth Century | 179 | ||
| III. Explanations: Why Foreign Law Has Not Been Used | 183 | ||
| Bernard Durand: Reconnaissance et refus d’un droit étranger? Magistrats français et droit musulman dans la colonie du Sénégal | 187 | ||
| I. Reconnaître le droit musulman | 190 | ||
| II. Respecter le droit musulman | 193 | ||
| III. Réduire le droit musulman | 197 | ||
| Carolyn Craycraft Clark / Michael H. Hoeflich: Roman Law as Ratio Decidendi in Early American Law | 207 | ||
| Introduction | 207 | ||
| I. Roman Law as Supplemental Authority | 208 | ||
| II. Roman Law as a Basis for Common Law Jurisprudence | 211 | ||
| Conclusion | 215 | ||
| Matthew C. Mirow: Military Orders as Foreign Law in the Cuban Supreme Court 1899 – 1900 | 217 | ||
| I. Military Orders establishing the Cuban Supreme Court and its Appellate Procedure | 218 | ||
| II. Decisions of the Cuban Supreme Court | 219 | ||
| Matthew C. Mirow: Conclusion: Foreign Law and the Birth of Comparative Law | 229 | ||
| I. Foreign Law | 230 | ||
| II. The Birth of Comparative Law | 234 | ||
| Contributors | 237 |